Exploring the Impact of KCNJ11 (rs5219) polymorphism on Type 2 Diabetes and Its role in Cardiovascular and Renal complications: A Cross-Sectional Study from Noakhali, Bangladesh

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a rising worldwide health concern, with an estimated 366 million cases by 2030 including 11.1 million in Bangladesh. The KCNJ11 (rs5219) polymorphism has been associated with T2DM in different populations, but its role in T2DM in Bangladesh remains quite unexplored. This study explores the genetic association between the KCNJ11 (rs5219) and T2DM and its relationship to CVD and CKD in the Bangladeshi population. A case-control study was conducted in Noakhali, Bangladesh where genomic and biochemical analyses were performed, including serum creatine, lipid profile and blood glucose levels. DNA was analyzed using ARMS-PCR and gel electrophoresis. The CC genotype was more prevalent in T2DM (68.2%), CVD (67.2%), and CKD (62.5%) groups. Significant associations (p < 0.05) were found between genotype and metabolic markers. The CT genotype in diabetic patients was showed increased risks for BMI (OR: 3.43; 95% CI: 1.07–1.91). For CVD patients, the CC genotype imposed higher risks for C-reactive protein (OR: 1.3; 95% CI: 0.79–2.03). For CKD patients, the CC genotype showed higher risk (OR: 1.9; 95%CI: 0.81–1.62) for serum creatinine as well as with some other parameters. The KCNJ11 (rs5219) polymorphism is significantly associated to T2DM and its complications in Bangladesh.