Dynamic validation method of a wireless three-dimensional force sensor integrated into a cycling pedal

This study aimed to propose and to apply a validation method for a novel three-axis force sensor integrated into a cycling pedal. Innovative features of this sensor include being wireless and pliancy to any bike or ergocycle. A measurement rig was designed to compare the outputs of this sensor with those of a reference sensor. A dynamic protocol, during which the sensor was tested in five different orientations, was performed to assess the validity of the new pedal sensor in both directions of each sensor axis. Data from the two sensors were compared using Bland-Altman analysis, intra-class correlation, and root mean squared error. The intra-class correlation coefficient for peak force was superior to 0.99 under all conditions. The maximum root mean squared error for the normal axis was 14N. The validation method indicates that the novel force sensor accurately measures foot pedal reaction forces.