Prediciton on structural damage of inclined high-rise buildings on pile foundations: A comprehensive study on the efficacy of compaction grouting

The increasing occurrence of uneven settlement, tilting, and cracking in high-rise urban structures necessitates robust strategies to reinforce foundations and correct structural imbalances. This study examines a 16-story building in Zhangzhou, China, which exhibited severe structural issues, including a maximum settlement of 106 mm, a tilt of 228 mm, and a tilt rate exceeding 2.5‰. Through detailed analysis, a grouting lift remediation plan was proposed and validated via numerical simulations, ensuring its effectiveness. The simulations accurately predicted post-intervention settlement and tilt, aligning well with field measurements. The grouting process effectively filled and compacted the soil, generating an uplifting force and achieving a maximum uplift of 84.91 mm at the building's southwest corner. The building's east-west vertical alignment was successfully corrected, and the north-south tilt was reduced to a 5 mm southward inclination at a rate of 0.07°. This study provides valuable insights for applying grouting lift corrections in similar high-rise building scenarios.