Thromboelastography (TEG) in patients with adenomyosis

Background Patients with adenomyosis are thought to exist in a hypercoagulable state; however, the specific alterations in thromboelastography (TEG) remain to be elucidated. This study aimed to assess changes in TEG metrics and to investigate factors influencing coagulation function in individuals diagnosed with adenomyosis. Methods This retrospective observational study included 151 patients diagnosed with adenomyosis (AM group), while the control group consisted of 187 patients without adenomyosis who underwent laparoscopic surgery for benign adnexal cysts or high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) concurrently. Comprehensive analyses of clinical data, laboratory results, and ultrasound findings were conducted. Results In comparison to the control group, the adenomyosis group exhibited significantly shorter reaction time (R) and coagulation time (K) (P < 0.05). Additionally, the maximum amplitude (MA) was notably higher in the AM group than in the control group (P < 0.001). Platelet (PLT) counts were significantly elevated in the AM group, whereas the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) was shorter (P < 0.001). In the multivariable logistic regression analysis, significant associations were found between MA (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.10, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.06–1.15), APTT (aOR 0.871, 95% CI 0.813–0.932), and R (aOR 0.799, 95% CI 0.64–0.99) with adenomyosis. The area under the curve (AUC) for diagnosing adenomyosis based on the combination of MA, R, and APTT was calculated to be 0.74 (0.69–0.79). Conclusion The findings suggest that patients with adenomyosis are predisposed to a hypercoagulable state, which may be linked to increased serum CA125 levels, anemia and dysmenorrhea.