Synergistic Effects of Combined Probiotic Supplementation on Growth Performance, Survival, and Health Status in Labeo rohita

This study evaluated the effects of probiotic supplementation, including Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Sc), Bacillus subtilis (Bs ) , Bacillus licheniformis (Bl ) , and Trichoderma long brachium (Tlb, Digest 54 Plus), on growth performance, hematological and immunological parameters of Labeo rohita fingerlings. 240 fish were divided into four groups (A, B, C, and D) with different probiotic dosages (control, 0.25 g/kg, 0.50 g/kg, 0.75 g/kg probiotics + 30% CP feed, respectively), each group consisting of three replicates of 20 fish. After a 60-day trial, Group D showed significant improvements in growth performance, with a lower feed conversion ratio (1.47) and higher specific growth rate and protein efficiency ratio compared to the control. Hematological analysis revealed a significantly higher red blood cell count (3.47×10 ⁶ cells/mm³), elevated hemoglobin levels (90.1 ± 0.05 g/dL), and increased mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (22.87 ± 0.06 g/dL) in Group D. Additionally, Group D had significantly higher serum lysozyme activity and total leukocyte count, indicating enhanced nonspecific immunity. The highest survival rate (91%) was also recorded in Group D. These findings suggest that combined probiotic supplementation (Sc, Bs, Bl and Tlb, 0.50 g/kg, 30% CP feed) can enhance growth, immunity, and overall aquaculture productivity in Labeo rohita .