Incidence of benign vascular tumors in the orbit and ocular adnexa in an ophthalmological hospital in Mexico

Purpose This retrospective study aimed to analyze the incidence of benign vascular tumors in the orbit and ocular adnexa at an ophthalmological hospital over a five-year period and to describe their demographic and clinical characteristics. Materials and Methods The medical records of patients with vascular tumors in the orbit or ocular adnexa who underwent histopathological studies between 2017 and 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. Results A total of 30 cases were included. The average age was 40.9 years, and 16 patients (53.3%) were female. Capillary hemangioma was the most prevalent vascular tumor, accounting for 60% of cases, with a mean age of 44 years; 55.5% of these cases were women. Cavernous hemangioma was observed in 23.3% of the patients, with a mean age of 50 years; 71.4% of these patients were women. Lymphangioma was present in 20% of the patients, with an average age of 22 years; 40% of these patients were women. The highest frequency of cases was found in the seventh decade of life, accounting for 20% of the total cases. The third, fifth, and ninth decades presented the lowest frequency, with one case (3.3%) in each. Discussion This study revealed two significant age peaks in the manifestation of benign vascular tumors. The first peak was prominently observed during the first two decades of life. The second peak occurred in the seventh decade, with a higher incidence among women. Capillary hemangioma has emerged as the most prevalent benign vascular tumor, demonstrating its dominance across all age groups, from childhood through adulthood.