The Impact of Solid Organ Transplantation on Sexual Dysfunction and Infertility in Older Men and Women: A Claims Based Study

Solid organ transplantation (SOT) is a life-saving intervention that restores organ function and enhances survival. However, its impact on sexual dysfunction and infertility remains insufficiently explored. This study aims to evaluate the impact of SOT on sexual dysfunction and infertility by comparing their prevalence before and after transplantation across different organ transplant types. We conducted a retrospective cohort study using TriNetX from June 10 to September 22, 2025. Adult patients (≥ 18 years) who underwent heart, kidney, liver, lung, or pancreas transplantation were included. Sexual dysfunction (e.g., erectile dysfunction, dyspareunia) and infertility were identified using ICD-10 codes. A pre-post analysis assessed relative risk (RR), absolute risk reduction (ARR), and relative risk reduction (RRR). Propensity score matching (PSM) adjusted for confounders between men and female patients. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. SOT led to a statistically significant reduction in sexual dysfunction. The prevalence of sexual dysfunction decreased in male patients more than it did in female patients. Also, the prevalence of infertility decreased in all solid organ transplant types, though only lung transplantation resulted in a statistically significant improvement.