Redefining Intimacy: A Qualitative Study on Sexual Function Experiences and Perspectives Among Migrant and Refugee Women in South Australia

Background Sexual health is a fundamental aspect of well-being, yet migrant and refugee women from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) often face unique challenges in navigating intimacy and sexual function post-migration. Sociocultural norms, migration-related stressors, and healthcare access influence their experiences, yet these perspectives remain underexplored. Methods This qualitative study examines the transition of sexual function experiences among first-generation migrant and refugee women residing in South Australia. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 reproductive-aged women from diverse cultural backgrounds. Thematic analysis was used to identify key influences on sexual health and intimacy. Results Participants reported that cultural norms, sociocultural expectations, and migration-related stressors shaped their sexual experiences. Many described difficulties in navigating cultural taboos, communication barriers, and limited access to culturally sensitive healthcare services. While migration provided opportunities for increased sexual autonomy, self-discovery, and improved partner communication, deeply ingrained cultural beliefs and emotional struggles continued to impact their sexual well-being. Conclusions The findings highlight the need for culturally sensitive, gender-appropriate sexual health services and the removal of financial, linguistic, and systemic barriers in healthcare access. Healthcare providers, policymakers, and community organizations play a crucial role in fostering inclusive environments that support migrant and refugee women's sexual health and well-being.