Effects of Esperazone Ketamine on Apoptosis of Tendon Cells in Rats with Shoulder Sleeve Injury by Regulating PI3K/AKT/FoxO1 Signal Pathway

Objective To investigate the effect of Esperanza Ketamine on apoptosis. Methods Rats were randomly divided into five groups (n=24): Sham group (S), model group (M), low-dose esketamine group(Esket-L), high-dose esketamine group(Esket-H) and inhibitors-LY294002 (Esket-H+LY). After 3 weeks, the tendon periosteum complex was taken. Western-Blot was used to detect p-PI3K/PI3K, p-AKT/AKT, and p-FoxO1/FoxO1; RT-PCR was used to detect Bcl-2-mRNA/Bax-mRNA and Caspase-9-mRNA; Hoechst 33258 staining was used to conclute apoptosis index (AI); Detect maximum-tensile-strength and stiffness of the supraspinatus muscle humeral complex. Results Compared with group-S, p-PI3K/PI3K, p-AKT/AKT, p-FoxO1/FoxO1 and Bcl-2-mRNA/Bax-mRNA in group-M decreased. Maximum tensile strength and stiffness decreased, while Caspase-9-mRNA and AI increased (p<0.05); Compared with group-M, p-PI3K/PI3K, p-AKT/AKT, p-FoxO1/FoxO1 and Bcl-2-mRNA/Bax-mRNA in Esket-L and Esket-H groups increased, and maximum tensile strength and stiffness gradually increased, while Caspase-9-mRNA and AI gradually decreased (p<0.05); Compared with Esket-H group, in Esket-H+LY group, p-PI3K/PI3K, p-AKT/AKT, p-FoxO1/FoxO1, Bcl-2-mRNA/Bax-mRNA, maximum tensile strength and stiffness decreased, while Caspase-9-mRNA and AI increased (p<0.05). Conclusion Esketamine can produce anti-apoptosis effect on the injured tendon in rats and the intensity of effect is dose dependent. The mechanism of action is related to the activation of PI3K/AKT/FoxO1 signaling pathway.