AI Paradox in Higher Education: Understanding Over-Reliance, Its Impact, and Sustainable Integration

Rapid AI development has significantly changed education. This study explored factors influencing educators' over-reliance on AI, the consequences of AI dependency, and strategies to balance AI use in higher education. A qualitative approach using semi-structured interviews and focus groups collected data from 46 diverse participants. Thematic analysis revealed factors driving AI dependency—including academic reputation, self-efficacy, and institutional policies—and consequences such as skills atrophy, procrastination, and social fragmentation. Findings suggest hybrid intelligence and balanced AI teaching can be beneficial. Limitations include a small sample, and future research should target larger, more diverse populations.