Efficacy of Problem Based Learning approach for teaching Evidence Based Practice for midwifery and nursing professionals: a systematic review.

Background Problem-Based Learning (PBL) has emerged as a potential educational strategy for teaching Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) to nursing and midwifery professionals. However, the effectiveness of this approach remains inadequately synthesized in the literature. Objective To systematically review and evaluate the efficacy of Problem-Based Learning approaches in teaching Evidence-Based Practice to nursing and midwifery professionals. Methods A systematic review was conducted across multiple databases. 18 studies met the inclusion criteria, representing diverse geographical locations and methodological approaches. Studies were analyzed for their methodological quality, implementation strategies, and outcomes related to EBP competencies. Results Three studies specifically explored PBL as a training approach for EBP among nursing students. PBL demonstrated significant improvements in students' knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors toward implementing EBP compared to traditional teaching methods. Studies showed enhanced critical thinking, systematicity, analyticity, and open-mindedness among participants. Implementation challenges included limited time, insufficient resources, and the need for proper infrastructure. Higher education levels consistently correlated with improved evidence-based behaviors. The review identified substantial heterogeneity in teaching methodologies, populations, and interventions, making it challenging to determine the most effective EBP teaching approach. Conclusions While PBL shows promise in teaching EBP to nursing and midwifery professionals, the current evidence base is characterized by methodological heterogeneity and varying quality. PBL may enhance learners' ability to apply theory to clinical practice and develop problem-solving skills. However, successful implementation requires adequate organizational support, resources, and infrastructure. Future research should focus on standardizing outcome measures and conducting more rigorous comparative studies to establish the optimal approach for EBP education in nursing and midwifery.