Prevalence of Glomerular Diseases in Saudi Arabia

Introduction: Glomerular diseases are marked as a significant public health concern across Saudi Arabia. The prevalence of these diseases keeps on evolving with increased patterns which is influenced by demographic shifts, comorbid conditions, and advancements in diagnostic methods. This study examines the prevalence and distribution of glomerular diseases in Saudi Arabia. Methods: A systematic review of was conducted using PRISMA methodology and research articles were analyzed and assessed on a preestablished screening criteria. Results: The prevalence of CKD in Saudi Arabia ranges from 4.76% to 5.7%, with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) being the most commonly diagnosed primary glomerular disease. The diabetic nephropathy is a leading cause of CKD and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) which indicated increased incidence among type 2 diabetes patients. The gender differences were also observed with males showing elevated CKD prevalence. It was also found that lupus nephritis was more prevalent in females. Conclusion: Glomerular diseases in Saudi Arabia are surging necessitating early screening and improved diagnostic strategies. The targeted interventions to mitigate disease progression are also recommended for future researches and medical interventions.