Remote Sensing Interpretation of Oil and Gas in the Biru Basin Based on the Principle of Hydrocarbon Microseepage

In the pursuit of unlocking the vast, yet environmentally sensitive, untapped oil and gas resources in the Tibetan region of China, a study was conducted within the Biru Basin utilizing remote sensing technology grounded in hydrocarbon microseepage theory. The research involved overlaying remote sensing-derived oil and gas information with recognized areas exhibiting hydrocarbon microseepage and related anomalies. Various analytical techniques, such as band ratio calculations, multispectral band fusion, and Principal Component Analysis, with a specific focus on the hydroxyl/iron spectral signature, were applied. The results indicated a strong positive correlation between the identified zones of hydrocarbon microseepage anomalies and known occurrences of oil and gas shows. Conversely, a spatial superposition of these anomaly zones onto the established oil reservoirs in the Lunpola Basin revealed an inverse relationship, suggesting that regions devoid of hydrocarbon microseepage anomalies could potentially host petroliferous deposits. Through these methodologies, the boundaries of hydrocarbon microseepage non-anomalous zones were precisely defined, leading to the identification of a primary area without such anomalies. By integrating essential basin-scale geological elements, including source rock distribution, reservoir presence, cap-rock properties, and trap configurations, the study highlighted the geographical extent of the Biru-Boliechan-Bianba area as a prime first-order prospective exploration territory for oil and gas resources. Consequently, this area has been designated as a high-priority target for future oil and gas exploration initiatives.