Advanced Energy Storage Solutions by Interleaved Converters and Movable Centrifugal Pumps for MSEVs in Un-Grid Areas

In this paper, we designed a compact, multipurpose self -sustaining electric vehicle (MSEV) that can charge itself. This machine uses a solar panel to convert sunlight into electrical energy, which is stored in the battery for later utilization in off-grid areas with the help of an Interleaved Boost Converter. Moreover, the BLDC motor itself acts as an AC generator during pedaling operations, thereby charging the battery. Since the BLDC motor also acts as an AC generator, a bidirectional converter is used to supply and store energy to and from the BLDC machine. In addition to serving as a motor and generator, this BLDC machine also functions as a Movable Centrifugal Pump (MCP), storing kinetic energy. Thus, a self-sustaining EV that also acts as a mobile centrifugal pump is both compact and efficient. The hardware setup of the bicycle has been tested as a prototype for its multipurpose functionality, including transportation, battery charging, and un-grid kinetic energy storage pump applications, showcasing the novelty of this work. The output of this machine was simulated using MATLAB software for various modes of operation, and the results were very promising. Inspired by work on dual-switch converters, proportional-integral (PI) techniques are incorporated to enhance energy conversion efficiency and reduce harmonic distortions, improving overall system power quality efficiency to 96.8%. Additionally, advanced wavelet transforms methods for harmonic identification have been considered to optimize inverter performance (THD of 1.3%), further ensuring reliable energy storage and transfer. With the integration of a high-efficiency bidirectional converter as suggested, the system achieves superior energy management, making it ideal for renewable energy applications in un-grid areas (UGA).