Cryogenic In-Situ Fabrication of Reconfigurable Direct-Write Logic Circuits and Devices

Signal transmission across cryogenic and room-temperature environments remains a significant bottleneck in superconducting quantum computing and classical circuit integration. Furthermore, interactions among cryogenic devices often require room-temperature interfacing, driving substantial demand for data read/write interfaces, which in turn increases interconnect complexity and constrains scalability. In-situ fabrication of cryogenic, high-performance logic circuits and devices presents a promising solution to address this "wiring bottleneck". Here, we demonstrated novel interfacial two-dimensional electron gas devices with reconfigurable interfaces that can be directly modulated at operating temperatures while achieving an unprecedented ultrahigh on/off ratio. Remarkably, these devices can be patterned using a "light pencil" and erased with a pulsed electric field, eliminating the need for photoresist in the fabrication process. These findings propose a feasible strategy for independent qubit control and direct, scalable cryogenic device interactions within cryogenic environments.