The risk factors of pregnancy-induced hypertension: A case- control study

Background Pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) is a major health problem in pregnant women and is one of the main causes of maternal and perinatal mortality. Considering its many complications and effects on the mother and the fetus, identifying the effective factors on occurrence is a priority. This research was conducted to determine the risk factors of PIH. Methods This case-control (descriptive-analytical) study was conducted at 2023 in Ardabil city. 115 women higher than 35 years old who had PIH in their last pregnancy were selected as a case group and the same number of women without this disease in their last pregnancy selected as the control group (after matching age groups). Data were collected from a retrospective comprehensive study of Persian cohort. Women in both groups were interviewed and information including demographic, PIH and diabetes history, GDM, Colelityasis, Renal failer, Heart failer, romatological disease, H. pylori , twin pregnancy, history of high blood pressure in previous pregnancies, smoking, alcohol, hookah, drugs use were obtained. Findings: Gestational diabetes mellitus or GDM, previous history of PIH, history of H. pylori infection and BMI were identified as effective risk factors for the occurrence of PIH. Conclusion GDM was identified as the most important risk factor for PIH in Ardabil province. Infection H.pylori bacteria, history of PIH, and hight BMI were as other PIH risk factors. It is necessary for women with these risk factors to take the necessary care for early diagnosis, including visiting and having a pre-pregnancy check-up.