Revisiting the Abundance of Topological Materials

The classification of topological materials is revisited using advanced computational workflows that integrate hybrid density functional theory calculations with exact Hartree-Fock exchange. Unlike previous studies, our workflow optimizes atomic configurations obtained from the Materials Project Database, followed by precise electronic structure calculations. Our results based on hybrid density functional theory calculations reveal that only 15% of materials are topologically nontrivial, which is in stark contrast to the previously reported 30% based on semi-local exchange and correlation functionals. This discrepancy underscores the critical dependence of topological classifications on accurate atomic and electronic structures, rendering the abundance of topological materials much lower than generally assumed.