Optimization of an Excavator Dozer Blade Using the Finite Element Method: Evaluating Upper Group Alignment at Zero Degrees to the Lower Group

The Finite Element Analysis (FEA) conducted on the HMK 230LC dozer blade provided valuable insights into the structural behavior and stress distribution under various operational conditions. The analysis identified critical stress concentrations, particularly at welded joints and connection points, with maximum principal stresses reaching 120 MPa. These areas, influenced by geometric changes and loading conditions, were essential for evaluating the structural integrity and durability of the dozer blade. Design modifications, such as increasing the mirror sheet thickness by 50%, significantly reduced bending effects and improved load distribution, resulting in a 14% reduction in welding stresses at critical joints. This adjustment helped maintain stress levels within safe operational limits, improving overall structural reliability. Re-analysis post-modification confirmed a significant reduction in localized stress concentrations and bending effects, enhancing resistance to mechanical fatigue and increasing structural durability. The study also emphasized the importance of high-quality welding, especially at junctions between the main support and blade arms, to prevent stress-induced failures. Recommendations for further improvements include post-weld heat treatments, material reinforcements, and advanced welding techniques. The study underscores the need for real-world testing, such as strain gauge experiments, to validate simulation results and further optimize future designs for better performance and longevity.