The impact of “poverty alleviation” on the income of urban and rural residents in state-level impoverished counties: evidence from China

Due to the differences in national conditions of different countries, the effectiveness of the exit mechanism of impoverished areas in different countries is still controversial.Therefore, based on the data of 832 state-level impoverished counties in China from 2013 to 2020, the research goal of this paper is to apply the Staggered DlD method to study the impact effect and mechanism of poverty alleviation in national impoverished counties on the income of urban and rural residents, which is of great significance to stimulate the income increase of impoverished population.The results indicates that:(1)With the support of positive incentive policies and sound exit mechanisms, after poverty alleviation, the two-way fixed effect model shows that the income of urban and rural residents in China's poverty alleviation counties has a significant growth effect. (2)In addition, there is regional heterogeneity in the growth effect of urban and rural residents' income in impoverished counties, which generally presents the differentiation pattern of “high at the eastern and western ends, low in the middle” and “high in the south, low in the north”. (3)Further analysis by using the generalized synthetic control method confirms the effectiveness of the poverty alleviation policy. (4)The influence mechanism of poverty alleviation on urban and rural residents' income is heterogeneous, in which level of agricultural mechanization, education, social welfare and local financial hematopoietic capacity have significant promotion effects on the income of urban and rural residents in impoverished counties. The research in this paper not only enriches the research content and realistic path of consolidating China's poverty alleviation achievements, but also makes certain theoretical and practical contributions to the revitalization and development of China’s once-impoverished counties.