Application effect of Standardized Nursing Process of abdominal drainage tube in cholelithiasis: a single-center retrospective cohort study

Background and aims Although abdominal drainage tubes have been widely used to treat cholelithiasis, complications still affect patients' prognoses. There is no Standardized Nursing Process (SNP) for abdominal drainage tubes after Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). This study aims to observe the clinical efficacy and explore the feasibility of SNP intervention for abdominal drainage tubes in cholelithiasis patients after LC. Methods This retrospective study included the patients with cholelithiasis admitted to Xishan People’s Hospital of Wuxi City between Jan 2023 and Aug 2024. Patients were separated into Standardized Nursing Process (SNP) group and non-Standardized Nursing Process (non-SNP) group. The outcomes were compared between the two groups, and Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to analyze the factors associated with SNP. P values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results Among a total of 264 patients with cholelithiasis who were included in the study, 147 patients were treated with SNP, and the other 117 patients were treated without SNP. Compared with non-SNP, multivariate analysis suggested that SNP was an independent factor linked to alleviation of postoperative pain (OR = 0.22, 95%CI: 0.13–0.36) ( P  < 0.001), strongly associated with the activity rate of getting out of bed within 24 hours (OR = 2.28, 95%CI:1.33–3.91), effectively associated with a lower incidence of drainage tube outlet leakage and post-extubation leakage. Importantly, SNP management correlated with higher patient satisfaction ( p  < 0.001). Conclusions SNP implementation correlated with improved activity rate of getting out of bed within 24 hours after LC, fewer occurrence of post-extubation leakage, reduced postoperative pain and higher satisfaction rates.