Comparison of Open and Percutaneous Treatment in Trigger Finger: Functional Results and Cost-effectiveness

Introduction: Trigger finger, a common condition caused by flexor tendon compression in adults, often requires surgical release when conservative treatment fails. This study retrospectively compared the outcomes and costs of percutaneous needle release and traditional open release to treat trigger fingers. Methods: A retrospective analysis of patients over 18 undergoing trigger finger surgery was conducted (n=92). The patients were divided into two groups: open surgery (n=43) and percutaneous release (n=49). Treatment outcomes were assessed using the Gilbert questionnaire (failure, complications, and satisfaction), and functional outcomes were measured using the Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand scores. The cost analysis was based on social security billing. Results: The mean Quick-Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand scores in the percutaneous group and 10.4±5.7 in the open surgery group (p=0.69). Finger stiffness was reported in 2 % of the percutaneous group and 30% of the open surgery group (p=0.03), whereas scarring was observed in 0% of the percutaneous group and 23% of the open surgery group (p<0.01). Returning to daily work was faster in the percutaneous group, with 67% resuming within a week compared to 0% in the open group (p<0.01). The procedure costs averaged 156.3±6.6 United States dollars for the percutaneous group and 182.9±24.2 USD (United States dollars) for the open surgery group (p<0.01). Conclusion: Percutaneous needle release appears to be a more cost-effective alternative to traditional open surgery for the trigger finger, with similar functional outcomes, faster recovery, fewer complications, and lower costs.