Serum Magnesium is correlated with Muscle Mass in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Introduction: A higher risk of low muscle mass with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Our study aimed to evaluate the association of serum Mg with low muscle mass in T2DM patients. Methods This study included 1074 T2DM patients, the skeletal muscle index (SMI) and serum Mg level were measured, and other clinical data were collected. Logistic regression analysis and linear regression analysis were used to determine the associations between Mg and low muscle mass or SMI. Results The prevalence of low muscle mass was 20.28% in males and 14.20% in females, respectively. There was a negative correlation between Mg and SMI in females after multiple regression analyses. Compared with patients with Mg in the lowest quarter (Q1), the odds ratio of low muscle mass for those with Mg in the highest quarter (Q4) was 1.935 (p for trend = 0.022) in males. Compared with patients with Mg in Q1, the OR of Q4 was 2.712 (p for trend = 0.015) in females. Conclusion Low muscle mass in T2DM patients is associated with serum Mg levels. There was a linear trend and a significant correlation between high Mg and low muscle mass.