Global incidence, prevalence, deaths, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for idiopathic epilepsy, 1990-2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

Background: Epilepsy poses a significant global health burden. And idiopathic epilepsy (IE) constitutes a substantial proportion of epilepsy cases worldwide Methods: First, numbers and age-standardized rates of incidence, prevalence, deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) were assessed globally and by sub-types in 2021. Furthermore, the temporal trend of the disease burden was explored by the linear regression model from 1990 to 2019. Finally, the Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model was used to predict the future disease burden in the next 25 years. Results: Exposure to IE contributed to 3272734 incidence, 24220856 prevalence, 139851 deaths, and 13877827 DALYs globally in 2021. Males were high-risk populations and higher socio-demographic index (SDI) regions were high-risk areas. The disease burden varied considerably across the GBD regions and the countries. From 1990 to 2021, the number of cases increased. The predicted results showed that the number of cases for both genders would still increase from 2022 to 2046. Conclusion: In conclusion, IE has threatened public health globally. More proactive and effective strategic measures should be developed after considering global-specific circumstances.