Dual modal compressive photocurrent and optical imaging through a multimode fibre

Multimode fibres (MMFs) have gained attention for their potential in high-resolution, minimally invasive imaging applications due to their small diameter and high-density signal transmission. However, challenges such as mode interference, environmental sensitivity, and the need for frequent recalibration have limited their practical imaging applications. Optical imaging using MMFs usually relies on wavefront shaping and raster-scanning techniques, which require extended calibration and imaging time along with high computational resources. Here we present a dual-modal MMF imaging system based on compressive sensing, enabling both optical imaging and photocurrent mapping. By projecting random speckle patterns onto photovoltaic surfaces, photocurrent mapping is achieved without the need for raster scanning. Experimental results demonstrate the system’s capability to achieve micron-level spatial characterization, with spatial resolution determined by the fibre’s numerical aperture and operating wavelength. Calibration and imaging processes are completed within 2 seconds, with a compression ratio 28 times below the Nyquist limit. This dual-modal imaging approach paves the way for fibre-based endoscopes capable of simultaneous optical and electrical characterizations, offering new opportunities in biomedical imaging and material science.