Anti-hyperglycemic, Anti-hyperlipidemic, Hematological, Hepatoprotective, And Anti-oxidant Effects of Vernoniaamygdalina on Alloxan-induced Diabetic Wistar Rats

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood sugar levels, which can lead to various complications such as cardiovascular disease, kidney damage, and nerve damage. Vernoniaamygdalina , a plant species used in traditional medicine, particularly in Africa, has been reported to possess antidiabetic and antioxidant properties. This study aimed to investigate the antidiabetic, antihyperlipidemic, and antioxidant effects of Vernoniaamygdalina extract in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Methods: Thirty adult Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups. Diabetes was induced using alloxan monohydrate (150 mg/kg, i.p.). The rats received either distilled water (normal control), alloxan (diabetic control), metformin (100 mg/kg), or Vernonia amygdalina extract (200 or 400 mg/kg). Blood glucose, lipid profiles, liver enzymes, and antioxidant activity were measured according to standard protocols. Results: Vernonia amygdalina extract (400 mg/kg) significantly reduced blood glucose levels, improved lipid profiles, and decreased liver enzymes. The extract also exhibited antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 50 μg/mL. Discussion: This study demonstrates the potential antidiabetic, antihyperlipidemic, antioxidant, and hepatoprotective effects of Vernoniaamygdalina extract, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic agent in the management of diabetes and its complications.