Theoretical investigation on heat transfer rate of hydromagnetic transformer oil based multiphase fluid: Comprehensive modeling and computational study

Motivation and objective: The main objective of this research is to investigate the thermal analysis of the magneto two-phase flow of Prandtl fluid with the suspension of silver and hafnium nanoparticles through inclined walls of the channel. The momentum equations are modified under the addition of body forces to consider the impact of magnetic and gravitational forces. The heat equation is also updated with the addition of the heat flux term to capture the thermal radiation effects. Methodology: The two-phase model is developed in terms of continuity, momentum, and heat equations of fluid and particle phases and uses dimensionless variables to simplify the system of equations. The dimensionless form of equations is solved by using the regular perturbation method in which the second Prandtl fluid parameter is taken as a perturbation parameter and produces the analytical solution. The graphical results revealed many physical aspects under the physical parameters in which the first and second Prandtl fluid parameters diminish the fluid and particle phase velocity distribution. Outcomes: The suspension of hafnium particles in the base fluid provides more heat to the system as compared to silver nanoparticles. The particle phase velocity distribution is much greater than the fluid phase against all parameters of the study. The magnetic force has an inverse relation with the velocity and thermal profiles of both phases. The two-phase Prandtl fluid model provides 55 % more heat transfer as compared to the single-phase Prandtl fluid model. The two-phase Prandtl fluid model gives 29% greater heat transfer to the system as compared to the phase Newtonian fluid model. Significance of the study: The current study will help to optimize the industrial thermal management process and to design efficient cooling systems in electronic devices, and in polymer and food processing. Originality: The topic discussed in this study is new and has not been deliberated before.