Evaluation of the effect of a synthetic analogue of brominated furanone- (z)-4-bromo-5-(bromomethylene)-2(5h)-furanone on the gene expression of fadA of F. nucleatum

Fusobacterium nucleatum ( F. nucleatum ) commonly referred to as a bridging organism acts as a major coaggregation organism linking early and late colonizers. FadA , is an adhesin which is unique to F. nucleatum play an important role in colonization of Fusobacterium in the host. Quorum Sensing (QS) inhibiting agents appears to be a promising approach to control bacterial infections. Aim : To evaluate the effect of a synthetic analogue of brominated furanone- (Z)-4-Bromo-5-(bromomethylene)-2(5H)-Furanone on the gene expression of fadA of F. nucleatum . Material and Methods : 2 mM concentration of the brominated furanone compound was treated with F. nucleatum standard strain ATCC No. 25886 and incubated under anaerobic condition for 24 hours and 48 hours duration. Control sample was treated with only F. nucleatum bacterial cells. Analysis of the expression of fadA gene of F. nucleatum was done using RT-PCR. The 16S rRNA gene was used as a reference for normalization of the gene expression levels. Positive reaction was detected by accumulation of a fluorescent signal in the form of amplification plot obtained in the Realplex software. Statistical analysis used: Relative gene expression was calculated by using 2 ^−∆∆Ct (Livak) method. Result s: Compared with control, at 24 hours, the change in fold expression of fadA gene of F. nucleatum of the treated group was 1.602, while at 48 hours, it was 2.063. Conclusions : The synthetic analogue of furanone compound can act on target sites of F. nucleatum thereby inhibiting coaggregation and biofilm formation.