Efficacy Analysis of High-Intensity Laser Therapy for Post Lumbar Surgery Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial Study

Objective This study aims to investigate the efficacy of high-intensity laser treatment against post-lumbar surgery syndrome (PLSS) through a randomized controlled trial. Method PLSS admitted at our hospital between 2020 and 2022 were recruited and randomly divided into two groups, i.e., the oral medication group (Group A) and the high-intensity laser therapy group (Group B). We analyzed the visual analog scale (VAS) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) of both groups. We also analyzed serum pain indicators and the extent of paraspinal muscle fat infiltration before and after treatment, at one week, one month, three months, six months, and twelve months post-treatment. Results After one month, three months, and six months post-treatment, VAS scores of Group B were significantly lower than those of Group A ( P  < 0.05). After one week, one month, and twelve months post-treatment, the ODI of Group B was significantly lower than that of Group A ( P  < 0.05). One month after treatment, Group B patients had significantly lower levels of 5-HT and substance P (SP) than Group A ( P  < 0.05). The content of β-endorphins (β-EP) in the blood of Group B was higher than that of Group A ( P  = 0.018). The progression of paraspinal muscle fat infiltration in Group B was significantly slower than that in Group A ( P  = 0.001). Conclusion HILT can improve the clinical symptoms of patients with PLSS, delay the degenerative changes in the paraspinal muscles of the lumbar spine, and improve the long-term postoperative quality of life of patients.