A rare case of Fetal bilateral Wilms’ Tumor in horseshoe Kidney: A case report

Wilms' tumor is the most common malignant kidney tumor in children. The horseshoe kidney is the most common renal fusion malformation. However, Wilms' tumor is rarely identified in horseshoe kidney patients. The incidence of horseshoe kidney is about 1 in 400 cases. Wilms’ tumor or Nephrogenic rests can occur in both kidneys, termed bilateral disease, found in only 5–8% of cases. Management of bilateral Wilms’ tumor presents a major clinical challenge in terms of maximizing survival, preserving renal function, and understanding underlying genetic risk. Ultrasound is used to diagnose horseshoe kidneys, whereas Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging are often used for staging purposes. Here, we present an extremely rare case of a fetus with a prenatal diagnosis of renal mass, and an autopsy found out to be a bilateral congenital Wilms’ tumor in the horseshoe kidney. Up to our knowledge, it is the first case to be reported from Ethiopia, and there are only a few case reports worldwide.