Clinical Characteristics, Treatment Outcomes, And Prognostic Factors of Laryngeal Neuroendocrine Carcinoma: A Population-Based Analysis

Objective. Laryngeal neuroendocrine carcinoma (LNEC) is a rare and aggressive malignancy with poor prognosis.This study investigates the clinical characteristics, treatments and prognostic factors of LNEC patients. Methods. Data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database and the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University cohort (2008–2018) were analyzed. Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression models were used to evaluate demographic, treatment, and 5-year disease-specific survival (DSS) data. Results. A total of 125 patients (111 SEER, 14 Qingdao) with a median age of 60 years were included. Most were male and had supraglottic tumors.The five-year DSS was 30.6% (SEER) and 35.7% (Qingdao).Grade III tumors (HR = 3.04, P  = 0.003) were associated with worse outcomes, whereas partial laryngectomy (HR = 0.34, P  = 0.018) was linked to better survival. Conclusion. Low-grade tumors and partial laryngectomy are associated with better survival. Larger studies are needed to confirm these findings.