Building Resilience with Adaptive Social Protection for Natural Disaster Mitigation in Indonesia: Systematic Literature Review with Bibliometrics

Indonesia’s distinct geographical and geological landscape makes it highly vulnerable to natural disasters, particularly earthquakes, as it sits at the convergence of three major tectonic plates. This persistent exposure to natural hazards amplifies risks to household welfare, posing significant challenges to Indonesia’s long-term poverty reduction goals. The absence of a dedicated disaster-responsive social protection policy raises substantial concerns regarding the country’s capacity to address these vulnerabilities. This study aims to evaluate the effects of natural disaster risks on poverty and examines disaster-focused social protection frameworks from other nations. The goal is to guide the creation of an adaptive social protection model tailored to Indonesia’s unique disaster risks. Using quantitative and qualitative approaches, the research conducts a bibliometric analysis of existing literature on natural disasters, poverty, and social protection, tracing the development of adaptive social protection concepts. The findings underscore the urgent need for a robust, adaptive social protection framework to confront Indonesia’s natural disaster challenges. This framework would adopt a multi-stakeholder approach, fostering collaboration among government entities, the private sector, and communities to boost resilience, improve preparedness, and strengthen risk mitigation efforts.