Geospatial based assessment of Groundwater Potential Zones using MIF technique in a watershed of Malwa region, Madhya Pradesh, India
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Water is a major natural resource and a key constituent of all living beings. Water is available in two introductory forms i.e. surface water and groundwater. One of the most important accumulated resources in the world is groundwater, which is inversely distributed around the world. To boost the groundwater-recharge is one of the primary hydrological parameters for assessment, budgeting, management, and modelling of ground water resources. Although information and data regarding recharge rate is vital for recharge assessment of any region, determination of this parameter is not easy and straigntforward. The current study has been conducted in northwest part of Madhya Pradesh. The Neemuch and Mandsaur district comes under semi-arid zones and faces the problem of scarcity of water annually. Thus study aims to assess the groundwater recharge zones using an integrated approach of remote sensing and geographical information system (GIS). The parameters considered for identifying the groundwater potential zone of geology, slope, drainage density, soil, geomorphology and lineament density. These thematic maps were generated using the SRTM DEM, Sentinel-2 Imaginary and Survey of India (SOI) toposheets of scale 1:50000 and integrated them to identify the groundwater potential of the study area. Appropriate weightage factors were assigned for each class of these parameters. For the various geomorphic units, weightage factors were assigned based on their capability to store ground-water using multi-influencing factor (MIF). This procedure was repeated for all the other layers and resultant layers were re-classified. After reclassification, the layers were then united to demarcate zones as very good, good, moderate, poor and very poor. The assessment of groundwater potentiality information using RS & GIS could be used for effective identification of suitable locals for birth of potable water for rural populations.
