Risk Factors, Prevention and Control Programs, and Prevalence of Diabetes in Indoniesia – District Association

Aims : The study aimed to examine the relationship between several risk factors as well as prevention and control programs with Diabetes prevalence at district level in Indonesia. Methods : This study used a cross-sectional study design and performing descriptive, Pearson Correlation, and multivariate linear regression analysis. Secondary data was collected from the Ministry of Health and National Insurance Body involving 241 districts aggregate data. The risk factors included in the study were overweight, obesity, central obesity, sweet food consumption, sweet beverage consumption, fatty food consumption, lack of fruit and vegetable consumption, lack of physical activity, smoking, and hypertension. The prevention and control programs included NCD Post (Posbindu), village running Posbindu, examination of Posbindu, Pandu PHC, chronic disease program (Prolanis), routine checking blood glucose, Minimum standard service (SPM) of Diabetes services and adult screening. Results : There was a difference in the prevalence of Diabetes between districts and cities (p-value <0.001) and difference across seven regions in Indonesia (p-value <0.001). There were 15 variables associated with Diabetes prevalence (R ² 0.606), 5 of which had significant association, namely central obesity (p 0,018; Beta 0.027), fatty food consumption (p 0.015; Beta 0.006), smoking (p 0.002; Beta -0.034), Prolanis (p 0.001; Beta 0.899), and routine of blood glucose checking (p 0,000; Beta 0.279). Conclusions : Several risk factors and programs associated with Diabetes prevalence at district level in Indonesia.