Valproate-Vitamin E Co-Treatment Preserved Cortico-Callosal White Matter Integrities in Cypermethrin Co-Exposed Pentylene Tetrazole Induced Seizure

Epilepsy is characterized by recurrent seizure and neurological consequences which may be associated with impaired myeline and glia integrities, and severed by environmental neurotoxicants. Environmental neurotoxicants, such as Cypermethrin (CPM), may heighten these impairments, worsening seizure outcomes. This study investigates the effects of Cypermethrin (CPM) on Pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced seizures and the Vitamin E (VIT E) and valproate (VAP) co-interventions on myelin and glia integrities. Histochemical and Immunohistochemical analysis for haematoxylin and eosin (H&E), myelin basic protein (MBP), ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 (IBA1), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and oligodendrocyte transcription factor 2 (OLIG-2) were conducted on cerebral white matter and corpus callosum tissues. The density of stained cells and immunoreactivity obtained with imageJ was subjected to one way analysis of variance. Immunohistochemical revealed that cypermethrin exposure in PTZ-induced seizure rats led to marked neuronal, oligodendroglia and myelin loss, accompanied with substantial glia activations in both cerebral white matter and corpus callosum. Interventional ingestions of VAP and Vit E, especially when combined substantially reduced both microglia activations and reactive astrogliosis, thereby, consequently preventing oligodendrocyte and neuronal loss, thus, preserving both cerebral white matter and callosal myelin. These finding highlights the potentials of pyrethroid insecticides to severe the neurological consequences of epilepsy, specifically causing myelin damage via glia activations. Also, the putative therapeutic synergy of antioxidant supplementations in epilepsy and neurotoxicity managements were obvious.