Is there a relationship between surgical technique and postoperative complication rates in xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis? A retrospective single center study

Objective This study aimed to compare the relationship between type of surgery and preoperative findings and postoperative (early and late) complications in patients with xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis (XCG). Methods This retrospective study analyzed 127 patients with histopathologically diagnosed XGC after evaluating 9248 cholecystectomy specimens between 2010 and 2020. Patients were divided into two groups according to surgery type: laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) and laparoscopy converted to open cholecystectomy (LCOC). Patient demographic characteristics, preoperative laboratory parameters, operation time, and early and late postoperative complications were recorded. Results The study included 94 patients aged 26–76 years, of whom 48 (51.06%) were female and 46 (48.94%) were male. The female-to-male ratio is 0.982. No differences were found in LC and LCOC in terms of age, sex, preoperative white blood cell count, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (p > 0.05). Surgery time, length of hospital stay, and postoperative early complication rate were lower in the LC group (p < 0.001), whereas no difference was observed between the postoperative late complication rates (p > 0.05). Conclusion Preoperative inflammatory parameters for XGC are insufficient to predict the type of surgery. LC was associated with a decreased rate of early postoperative complications, whereas no difference was observed between surgery type and late postoperative complication rates.