What are community perspectives and experiences around GLP-1 receptor agonist medications for weight loss? A cross-sectional study in the UK

Introduction Obesity is a critical public health challenge globally. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) have demonstrated significant efficacy in weight loss, but their adoption is influenced by various individual and societal factors. This study sought to examine awareness, motivations and barriers to adoption of GLP-1RAs in the UK, with a focus on demographic differences. Methods A cross-sectional survey of 1,297 UK adults was conducted using an electronic questionnaire distributed via social media, online platforms and personal networks. The survey assessed demographic characteristics, awareness, perceptions and use of GLP-1RAs. Data were analysed using chi-squared tests, Kruskal-Wallis tests and relative risk ratios (RRRs) from multinomial logistic regression. A p-value <0.05 was considered significant. Results Significantly higher awareness of GLP-1RAs was observed among those attempting weight loss in the past year (85.7% vs. 14.3%, p < 0.001). [vv1] Women were more most likely to report both awareness (87.2% vs. 68.2%, p < 0.001) and excellent understanding (20.0% vs. 7.5%, p < 0.001). Main information sources included news (60.1%) and social media (50.2%). Only 9.0% first learned about GLP-1RAs from healthcare providers. Past and current users were less likely than non-users to express scepticism about safety and efficacy, and 6.91 times more likely to strongly disagree that "risks outweigh the benefits" (RRR 6.91; 95% CI 4.32–11.05; p < 0.001) and 7.33 times more likely to strongly disagree that "there is not enough evidence to suggest GLP-1RAs are safe" (RRR 7.33; 95% CI 4.05–13.27; p < 0.001). 91.0% of current/past-users indicated they would recommend GLP-1RAs to a friend struggling with weight. Conclusion Concerns about safety, cost and potential side effects remain significant barriers to GLP-1RA adoption. Current/past users strongly disagree with statements of scepticism, however scepticism among non-users highlights the need for improved public education around safety and efficacy. [vv1]check