Assessing the Impact of Triglyceride-Glucose-Body Mass Index (TyG-BMI) on Overall Survival in Autoimmune Hepatitis
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Background Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a chronic progressive liver disease. Research indicates a high prevalence of insulin resistance among patients with chronic liver diseases. The triglyceride glucose-body mass index (TyG-BMI index) is significantly correlated with insulin resistance and serves as a reliable surrogate marker for insulin resistance assessment. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between TyG-BMI index and prognosis in patients with AIH. Methods A total of 193 patients diagnosed with AIH at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University between January 1, 2014, and March 15, 2024, were stratified into high and low groups based on TyG-BMI. Demographic characteristics, clinical features, laboratory parameters, and prognosis were retrospectively collected. Cox regression analysis was performed to investigate the relationship between TyG-BMI and prognosis in AIH patients. Results This study included a cohort of 193 AIH patients with a median age of 54.55 years and a majority of 158 females. The median follow-up period was 27 months, during which 28 (14.51%) patients died. Based on restricted cubic spline plots, patients were divided into high-score group (n = 43, 22.28%) and low-score group (n = 150, 77.72%). Significant differences were observed between the two groups in BMI, fatty liver, albumin, triglycerides, fasting glucose, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, and international normalized ratio (all P < 0.05). Cox regression analysis identified TyG-BMI as an independent risk factor for mortality in AIH patients (HR = 3.230, 95%CI: 1.446–7.213, P = 0.004). Kaplan-Meier curves demonstrated significantly longer survival time in the low-score group compared to the high-score group (P = 0.004). Conclusions TyG-BMI index is an significant prognostic indicator for AIH patients, offering valuable insights for risk stratification and individualized treatment in these patients.
