Efficient Immune Shield: Biomimetic Nanovaccine of Acinetobacter Baumannii Recombinant Outer Membrane Protein W

Background The development of vaccines is an effective and safe strategy to combat multidrug-resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter baumannii ( A. baumannii ) infections. This study aimed to prepare a DC-targeting multiepitope peptide biomimetic nanovaccine and evaluate its immune response and protective effect in mice. Results The B-cell and T-cell epitopes of the OmpW protein from A. baumannii were predicted and screened using bioinformatics methods and identified by immunological means. The selected dominant epitopes were conjugated in series with 6-aminocaproic acid, and a multiepitope peptide, rOmpW, was chemically synthesized. Then, rOmpW was encapsulated with polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) and a neutrophil membrane (NM), and the surface was modified with DC-targeting peptide (DCpep) to construct the biomimetic nanovaccine DCpep-NM-PLGA-rOmpW. This biomimetic nanovaccinecan induce strong Th1 and Th17 cellular immune responses and humoral immunity. The biomimetic nanovaccine produced efficient immunological protection in an acute lethal pneumonia model of A. baumannii . Conclusions Our results indicate the potential translational value of this biomimetic nanovaccinefor preventing A.baumannii infection.