Triglyceride-glucose index and short-term functional prognosis in patients with acute ischemic stroke : a retrospective study

Background Stroke is the most significant cause of death and disability around the world. It is the second leading cause of death after cardiovascular disease. Currently, The triglyceride-Glucose index (TyG) has proven to be a reliable surrogate indicator of IR in stroke studies. However, the relationship between TyG and poor functional outcomes in patients with ischemic stroke remains unclear. Accordingly, this study aimed to explore the relationship between TyG and clinical outcomes at 3 months after acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Methods The clinical data of 564 AIS patients admitted to the Second People's Hospital of Hefei from from January 2020 to September 2024 were collected, and they were divided into poor function outcome group and good function outcome group according to mRS Score 3 months after onset. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to investigate the correlation between TyG index at admission and 3-month functional outcomes of AIS patients. Receiver operating curve (ROC curve) was used to evaluate the predictive value of TyG index in 3-month functional outcomes of AIS patients. Results A total of 564 AIS patients were included, of which 165 patients (29.25%) were in the poor function outcome group and 399 patients (70.75%) were in the good function outcome group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that systolic blood pressure, NIHSS score and TyG index at admission were independent risk factors affecting the 3-month outcome of adverse function in AIS patients (P < 0.05). The higher the TyG index, the higher the risk of adverse functional outcomes at 3 months (OR = 3.18,95%CI = 2.252–4.499,P < 0.001). ROC curve showed that the area under the curve (AUC) of TyG index was 0.650 (95%CI: 0.598–0.702, P < 0.001) in predicting poor outcomes ,with predictive sensitivity of 61.2% and specificity of 62.7%. Conclusion TyG index is an independent risk factor for adverse clinical function prognosis of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) at 3 months and has predictive value for early clinical prognosis of stroke patients.