Association between triglyceride-glucose-body mass index (TyG-BMI) and in-stent restenosis after coronary interventions: a retrospective cross-sectional study

Background Insulin resistance has been confirmed to be an independent predictor of cardiovascular diseases. Earlier research have confirmed that triglyceride glucose body mass index (TyG-BMI) can be used as an alternative factor of insulin resistance, and there is a significant correlation between TyG-BMI and cardiovascular diseases. However, the correlation between TyG-BMI and in-stent restenosis (ISR) is still unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between TyG-BMI index and in-stent restenosis after coronary intervention. Methods This study was a retrospective cohort study, which included patients with confirmed coronary artery disease undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University and was followed up. TyG-BMI at baseline was divided into three equal parts to analyze the baseline characteristics under different TyG-BMI groupings. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional risk regression models were used to assess the correlation between TyG-BMI and in-stent restenosis, and restricted cubic spline (RCS) was used to identify whether there was a linear correlation or nonlinear correlation between TyG-BMI and in-stent restenosis. Results Of the 818 participants, 588 (71.9%) were men; Median [Q1,Q3] age was 62.0 [53.0,69.0] years. A total of 110 cases of ISR occurred during follow-up. After grouping according to TyG-BMI levels, the number of cases of ISR was significantly smaller in the low TyG-BMI group than in the other two groups.The results of Cox proportional risk modeling suggested that the risk ratio of ISR was significantly higher in the medium and high TyG-BMI groups compared with the low TyG-BMI group. The results of restricted cubic plots suggested a linear correlation between TyG-BMI and the risk of developing ISR (linear P < 0.001,nonlinear P = 0.0670). The risk of ISR was significantly higher when TyG-BMI > 211.47 mmo/L. Conclusions This study suggests that there is a significant correlation between TyG-BMI and the occurrence of ISR, and that the level of TyG-BMI indexes needs to be paid attention to in the clinic during the prevention of ISR, especially in female, elderly, overweight or obese patients.