Sustainable Facility Site Location Selection Based on Coordinate Geometry Using Nature-Inspired Optimisation Strategies

The efficiency of supply chains relies heavily on the strategic placement of facilities, directly influencing the flow of goods from manufacturers to the consumers. This paper addresses the critical challenge of facility location selection by proposing an optimised model for the placement of distribution centres in an Australian city. The proposed model integrates nature-inspired metaheuristic algorithms with a coordinate-based approach; the model expands the search space using latitude and longitude data as site indicators, enhancing decision-making for complex urban environments. The suggested model is particularly relevant for industries aiming to reduce logistics costs, minimise environmental impact, and improve service levels in distribution networks. By applying advanced metaheuristics, this approach provides a robust framework for solving the facility location problem, balancing efficiency with sustainability. Its effectiveness is demonstrated through a real-world case study, showing how the model can support the development of resilient, environmentally conscious supply chain networks.