Relationship Instability and Depression among Women at Midlife: A Longitudinal Analysis

This study explores the relationship between family complexity and major depressive symptoms among middle-aged women, using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 (NLSY79). By analyzing relationship trajectories, transitions, and statuses, this research uncovers how various relational dynamics influence mental health outcomes. Findings reveal that stable marital relationships are associated with lower depression rates, while individuals with multiple relationship transitions or complex trajectories experience higher odds of major depressive symptoms. These results underscore the importance of relational history in diagnosing and treating depression among women, advocating for the incorporation of relational context into mental health assessments. The study’s implications suggest that addressing relational instability in therapeutic interventions can significantly improve mental health outcomes for women in midlife.