Predictive value of β2 microglobulin for Cardiac Valve Calcification in Non-Dialysis Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease Stages 3-5

Objective This study aimed to observe the incidence and risk factors of cardiac valve calcification (CVC) in non-dialysis patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) stage 3–5. Correlation of β2 microglobulin (β2-MG) level with cardiac valve calcification and its predictive value were further investigated. Methods Patients hospitalised in the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University between January 2019 and November 2023 were selected and diagnosed as CKD stage 3–5 according to the assessment of glomerular filtration rate. Their general data, laboratory tests and cardiac ultrasound results were collected. The incidence and risk factors of CVC were observed..The correlation and predictive value of β2-MG with cardiac valve calcification were analysed using the ROC method. Results A total of 269 patients were selected. There were 59 cases (21.9%) in the CVC group and 210 cases (78.1%) in the non-CVC group. Single aortic valve calcification is the most common. The incidence of CVC in stage 3–5 CKD patients were 15.9% (28/176), 26.3% (20/76) and 64.7% (11/17). Age, renal function stage and the level of β2-MG are risk factors for CVC. ROC analysis shows that the optimal cut-off value of β2-MG is 7.605ug/L. The sensitivity is 0.559, the specificity is 0.724, and the AUC is 0.700( 95%CI = 0.627ཞ0.772, P <0.001 ). Conclusion Age, renal function stage and β2-MG are risk factors for CVC. The levels of β2-MG can be used to predict the occurrence of CVC in non-dialysis patients with CKD stage 3–5.