Strategies to promote the completion of patient-reported outcome measures by culturally and linguistically diverse and Indigenous Peoples in clinical care settings: a systematic review.

Purpose There is evidence of poor completion of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) by culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) and Indigenous populations with chronic health conditions. We aimed to systematically review strategies used to increase PROM uptake and completion of PROMs by CALD and Indigenous Peoples in clinical care settings and develop specific recommendations to promote PROM completion in these populations. Methods We searched Medline, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science Core Collections and CINAHL databases from 1 January 2000 to 19 September 2024. Primary studies were included if they focused on strategies/enablers of PROMs use in the care of CALD and Indigenous populations in clinical care settings. The quality of included papers was appraised independently by two reviewers, using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) and Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT). Data were analysed thematically. PROSPERO registration: CRD42023469317. Results Of 13,450 title/abstracts retrieved, five papers met eligibility. Strategies to promote PROM completion by Indigenous Peoples included 1) providing training to patients about what PROMs are and 2) offering verbal modes of completion and 3) community consultation during design, development, and implementation of PROMs to ensure culturally appropriate and sensitive PROMs are used. Strategies to increase completion amongst CALD populations included 1) providing information about how to use electronic PROMs, 2) facilitating self-completion, 3) offering different modes of completion (paper-based, digital), and 4) increasing availability and system-wide support of culturally and linguistically appropriate PROM translations. Conclusion Few studies reported strategies to increase the completion of PROMs by CALD and/or Indigenous Peoples. Adequate training, planning (including community consultation), resourcing, and financial support are required to encourage CALD and Indigenous Peoples to participate in PROM initiatives globally.