Analysis of the Correlations between Changes in Posterior Segment and Anterior Chamber Segment after Implantable Collamer Lens Implantation in Highly Myopic Patients

Purpose To investigate the effects of implantable collamer lens (ICL) implantation on the posterior segment of the eye and its correlation with the structural changes of the anterior chamber angle in patients with high myopia. Methods Patients with high myopia undergoing ICL surgery from September 2022 to June 2023 were selected as the surgical group, while those with high myopia not undergoing surgery during the same period served as the non-surgery group. The patients in the surgical group underwent assessments for uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), intraocular pressure (IOP), refraction, anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT), optical coherence tomography (OCT), and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) preoperatively, and on 1 day, 1 week, 1month, and 3 months postoperatively. In contrast, the patients in the non-surgery group were evaluated at the baseline and three months later. Results Conclusion Anterior chamber depth narrowed after ICL implantation, which remained stable at 3 months postoperatively. The superficial vessel density fluctuated postoperatively, returning to preoperative levels by 3 months. The deep vessel density (DVD) also fluctuated, with the nasal quadrant around the fovea showing an increase in DVD at 3 months postoperatively compared to preoperatively, while DVD in other areas returned to preoperative levels by 3 months. The fluctuations in vascular density postoperatively correlated with changes in the anterior chamber angle structure. ICL implantation demonstrates good safety and efficacy for patients with high myopia.