Analysis of risk factors and complications of neonatal infection in 500 pregnant women with premature rupture of membranes

Objective Analyze the risk factors and complications of neonatal infection in 500 pregnant women with premature rupture of membranes(PROM), providing guidance for early prevention and timely treatment in clinical practice. Methods This retrospective study included 500 pregnant women randomly selected between October 2023 and October 2024, who were admitted to the obstetrics department of Wenzhou People's Hospital,Zhejiang Province, China, at 37-40 weeks of pregnancy due to PROM.Based on the infection status of newborns, the participants were divided into an infected group(77 cases) and an uninfected group(423 cases).The differences between the two groups were compared,and the risk factors and complications of neonatal infections were evaluated and analyzed. Results Neonatal infection was used as the dependent variable,while the duration of PROM, length of the first stage, length of the second stage, nulliparity, placental inflammation,fetal tachocardia, prenatal fever, amniotic fluid contamination,and group B streptococcus (GBS) colonization were used as independent variables. The results indicated that the duration of PROM, length of the first stage,length of the second stage,placental inflammation,fetal tachocardia, prenatal fever, amniotic fluid contamination,and GBS colonization wereindependent risk factors for neonatal infections ( p <0.05).In this study, the neonatal infection rate was 15.4%, including 19 cases of pneumonia (24.6%), 8 cases of respiratory distress syndrome (10.4%), 10 cases of respiratory failure (13.0%), and 40 cases of early-onset neonatal infection (52.0%). Among the 77 cases of neonatal infections, 11 cases (14.3%) were severe infections. Conclusion : Pregnant women with PROM face a higher risk of neonatal infection and severe neonatal infection, especially when associated with certain risk factors. In clinical practice, it is crucial to closely monitorfull-term pregnant women with PROM, improve the management of PROM, actively administer antibiotics to prevent infection, and terminate pregnancy promptly to minimize neonatal risks.These measures can help prevent and reduce the occurrence of neonatal infections, including severe cases.