The Role of CD38 in Predicting Outcomes for Non-M3 Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients

Introduction: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a rare but aggressive type of cancer with different survival rates around the world. While factors such as age, cytogenetic, and molecular abnormalities play an important role that impacts the prognosis of AML patients, we investigated the correlation between CD38 and other hematologic markers and the survival of AML patients for therapy initiation. Methods In this retrospective cohort study, we relied on flow cytometry to examine CD38 expression on AML blasts and evaluated its correlation with overall survival (OS) and one-year survival in newly diagnosed AML patients at the Hematology-Oncology Research Center, Iran, Tabriz. Results Seventy-two newly diagnosed non M3-AML patients were followed in this study. The results showed there was a significant relationship between overall survival and one year survival CD38 levels. Besides, Increasing of CD38 level by 1% increased the hazard of mortality by 1 percent (HR = 0.99; 95% CI: 0.98 to 1.01). Conclusion The expression of certain membrane molecules like CD38 on leukemic cells can provide valuable information about the prognosis of AML patients and their treatment options.