IgG4-related disease characterized by recurrent episodes of transient ischemic attacks: A case report and literature review

IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a rare fibroinflammatory condition that involves multiple organs in the body. The most commonly affected tissues or organs include lymph nodes, submandibular glands, lacrimal glands and the pancreas. However, a minority of cases can involve the central nervous system (CNS), manifesting as hypertrophic pachymeningitis, cerebral vasculitis, cerebellar infarction and other related conditions. The present case report documents a patient with IgG4-RD with recurrent transient ischemic attacks (TIA), aiming to explore the pathogenesis, clinical features, treatment and prognosis of IgG4-RD complicated with TIAs. By analyzing the present case, the aim was to raise clinician awareness of the potential neurological implications caused by IgG4-RD and to explore its possible pathological mechanisms.