Identification of Colorectal Adenocarcinoma Key Genes to Be Validated as Potential Prognosis Biomarkers

Background: Colorectal Adenocarcinoma (COAD). continues to be one of the leading causes of death worldwide. The patient's chance of survival increases with the early prognosis of a malignant tumor. Methods: Advanced bioinformatics methods were used to gain a thorough understanding of the genetic landscape of colorectal cancer. The transcriptome RNA-seq raw data were obtained from PRJEB24758 in the European Nucleotide Archive (ENA) database. Then, the Sequence Read Archive (SRA) runs a selection to download the sequences database. The transcriptomic RNA released data is analyzed by the bioinformatics tool, which also uses online analytic tools to help visualize the results and identify key genes that may be employed as prognosis biomarkers in the future. The annotation pathways have been determined using David's annotation tools, and cluster analysis in Gsea and the c-bioportal database also showed the significance of these pathways. Two hundred fifty miRNA overlapped with the highest two upregulated and downregulated genes that were subjected to screening. The Venn diagram determined the common genes that the immunogenic genes set and cell type gene signature. Results: 1,274 genes with substantial differential expression in colorectal cancer were found using stringent approaches such as HISAT2 alignment and DeSeq2 analysis. This study identified 913 upregulated genes of colorectal adenocarcinoma (COAD). The upregulated genes-expressed profile of COAD was studied. The upregulated genes are controlled by 20 pathways expressed in colorectal adenocarcinoma. David's annotation tool was used to prepare diagrams for the KEGG analysis, enriched genes, and many more diagrams. The resulting miRNA overlapped genes interacted significantly with TF to produce key genes. From a different perspective, fifty-seven upregulated common genes were determined using the Venn diagram, and higher mutated genes were selected. Investigating these key genes for targeted therapy in colorectal cancer therapy is crucial, as the study emphasizes. Conclusion: Thus, the development of novel therapeutic approaches and the identification of key genes of the changed expression of genes implicated in COAD drug resistance are crucial goals for the ongoing advancement of COAD therapy.