Comparison of intravenous infusion of dexmedetomidine and magnesium during tympanoplasty

Background Increased bleeding volume during tympanoplasty (BDT), in addition to disturbing the surgeon's vision, increases the need for transfusion of blood products and the risk of a hemolytic reaction. This study aimed to compare the effect of intravenous infusion of dexmedetomidine (D) and magnesium sulfate (MS) on BDT. Methodology: In this clinical trial, 40 candidates for tympanoplasty were selected. They were randomly divided into two groups of 20, which included intravenous infusion of D at a dose of 1 µg/kg and MS at a dose of 40 mg/kg. The two groups were compared in terms of BDT, surgeon satisfaction level, surgery time, amount of drug use, and complications. Data were analyzed using SPSS26 (P < 0.05). Results In the D and MS groups, the mean ± standard deviations of age were 44.05 ± 14.10 and 43.65 ± 12.71. The findings showed that the differences in the mean of the variables were not significant (P > 0.05); BDT = 52.75 ± 15.52, 49.50 ± 15.21 CC; Surgeon satisfaction level = 30%, 35% (very good) and 20%, 50% (good); Surgery time = 116.25 ± 25.02, 109.00 ± 17.82 minutes; Narcotic used = 6.25 ± 1.37, 6.00 ± 1.57 CC; Frequency of complications (bradycardia, dry mouth, nausea) = 55%, 65%; Mean arterial pressure = 80.85 ± 13.36, 76.50 ± 7.09 ml; Mean heart rate = 75.85 ± 9.68, 77.00 ± 5.71 per minute; Anesthesia termination time = 15.26 ± 4.85, 15.40 ± 5.03 minutes; Success rate of surgery = 0.95%, 0.85%. Conclusion D and MS seem to have relatively similar effects in tympanoplasty. But since fewer complications were observed in patients receiving D. We suggest that D infusion is preferred in tympanoplasty.